| Comparison of the Clinical Efficacy of Anabolic Agents and Bisphosphonates in the Patients With Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
Ikchan Jeon1 
, Sung Bae Park2
, Bong Ju Moon3
, Miyoung Choi4
, Sung Uk Kuh5
, Jongtae Kim6
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1Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
2Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
3Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
4Clinical Evidence Research, Division of Health Technology Assessment Research, National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul, Korea
5Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
6Department of Neurosurgery, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea |
Corresponding Author:
Jongtae Kim
Email: kjtns@catholic.ac.kr
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Received: November 23, 2023 Revised: January 3, 2024 Accepted: February 4, 2024 |
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| Abstract |
Objective
We investigated the clinical efficacy of anabolic agents compared with bisphosphonates (BPs) for the incidence of new osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) and fracture healing of OVF in the patients with OVF via meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods
Electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for published RCTs till December 2022. The RCTs that recruited participants with osteoporosis at high-/very high-risk of fracture (a history of osteoporotic vertebral or hip fracture) or fresh OVF were included in this study. We assessed the risk of bias on every included RCTs, estimated relative risk (RR) for the incidence of new OVF and fracture healing of OVF, and overall certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses were performed by Cochrane review manager (RevMan) version 5.3. Cochrane risk of bias 2.0 and GRADEpro/GDT were applied for evaluating methodological quality and overall certainty of evidence, respectively.
Results
Five hundred eighteen studies were screened, and finally 6 eligible RCTs were included in the analysis. In the patients with prevalent OVF, anabolic agents significantly reduced the incidence of new OVF (teriparatide and romosozumab vs alendronate and risedronate [RR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.45 - 0.71; p < 0.00001; high-certainty of evidence]; teriparatide vs risedronate [RR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.37 - 0.68; p < 0.0001; high-certainty of evidence]. However, there was no evidence of teriparatide compared to alendronate in fracture healing of OVF (RR = 1.23, 95% CI 0.95 – 1.60; p = 0.12; low-certainty of evidence).
Conclusion
In the patients with prevalent OVF, anabolic agents showed a significant superiority for preventing new OVF than BPs, with no significant evidence for promoting fracture healing of OVF. However, considering small number of RCTs in this study, additional studies with large-scale data are required to obtain more robust evidences.
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| Keywords:
Teriparatide, Romosozumab, Bisphosphonate, Osteoporosis, Vertebral fracture, Meta-analysis |
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